Biasing & Operating Points#
Making circuits behave predictably. Every active device needs to be placed at the right DC operating point before it can do useful AC work. Biasing is the art of setting that operating point and keeping it stable against temperature changes, component tolerances, and supply variations.
This is where many analog circuits quietly fail β not with smoke, but with drift, distortion, or clipping that only appears under certain conditions. Getting biasing right is the difference between a circuit that works on the bench and one that works in the field.
What This Section Covers#
- DC Biasing β Why bias exists at all, and the major biasing topologies: fixed, self, and feedback.
- Operating Regions β Linear vs. saturation vs. cutoff, and what happens when the device leaves the intended region.
- Temperature & Drift β Why yesterday’s circuit behaves differently today, and how to design against it.